Exercise as a Means of Preventing Substance Abuse Relapse Essay

Exercise as a Means of Preventing Substance Abuse Relapse - Essay Example The situation may cause other illnesses associated with poor eating habits. The multiple disorders caused by substance abuse are referred to as co-morbidity. The risk factors associated with substance abuse include the availability of the substance and peer influence. Many people start using alcohol. Young adults are also likely to start abusing drugs in order to fit in their peer groups. Another big cause is the immaturity and difficulty in relating to parents. This has resulted in parents not even aware of their children’s daily activities and doings. Other risk factors include poor management of problems in families. Studies also show that ADHD also increases the risks using drugs among children and adults. Â  It is important to note that mental health disparities are also recorded among the substance users. Another major catalyst for the increase in alcohol abuse is the economic problems. Individuals who lack financial capabilities are more likely to have more mental prob lems connected with substance abuse because of their inability to seek medical help in time. The teachings of the targeted group about the effects of exercises will focus on two Erickson’s developmental stages. These stages are the intimacy versus isolation and the generative versus Stagnation. Â  It will also focus on Piaget’s development concepts within the Formal Operational Stage. The cognitive abilities developed at this stage include logical thinking and deductive reasoning, starting from adolescent years to adulthood.

Quiz 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Quiz 1 - Essay Example These cultural differences accounts for the different modes of fighting where the Chinese use massed infantry technique, while the Western European applied the armed chariot technique (Paret, Craig& Gilbert, 1986). Therefore, it is possible that China would not have fought the way Europe fought between the 16th and 18th century, but would have rather organized the warfare into a major conflict that would have resolved the series of problems the Western Europe was addressing all this time. The most important principles among the nine principles of war were the objective principle, which requires the military to focus the warfare on a direct, well defined and attainable objective as well as the mass principle, requiring the combat power to be concentrated at one decisive place and time of war (Sawyer, 1993). On the other hand, the European most important principle was the offensive principle; providing for the military to seize and exploit any loophole or chance created by the enemy and the manoeuvre principle, requiring the military to place the enemy at a disadvantaged position through manipulative combat power (Paret, Craig& Gilbert, 1986). Nevertheless, after the Military Revolution, these emphases changed in Europe, and the principle of war as a continuation of politics was adopted, thus making the European wars henceforth political, for example the first and the second world wars were purely political wars (Paret, Craig& Gilbert, 1986). Warfare is both an art and a science. It is an art that entails the actual method of fighting, for example the Maoist mass infantry armed fighting art (Sawyer, 1993). It is also a science since it entails the science of war strategy formulation, for example, the Clausewitz war strategy (Paret, Craig& Gilbert, 1986). The argument that the West has demonstrated consistent military superiority since the Golden Age of Greece is partly

Holiday representatives Essay Example for Free

Holiday representatives Essay I am a property rep this is a person that represents the tour operator when you are on holiday this could be for health reasons or quires and to sell excursions. The property rep has many roles and responsibilities the main focus is to look after the holidaymakers. The property rep is responsible for customers in a number of different hotels and apartments or villas in resorts. I am always on the frontline and I am always representing my tour operator. My job has a lot of work involved, for example we can easily get bad reputation from careless property reps, which gives us a bad image, and a tour operator gets a bad image to. As I have said I am on the frontline of my tour operator so I should always be on the right path and do my work to the best of my ability and show that my tour operator is good so that it can get repeat business. If we dont represent our tour operator in a good way people will stop using them, which will come back to us, and we will be viewed and our jobs will be on the line. I am on the frontline of customer service to our customers and it must be impeccable and of high standards this will give us both a good image and customers will be happy which makes my job more enjoyable. There are two types of customer service guests get the 1st one is at the travel agent and this is very important. The last one is with the property rep, which is the last contact the guests get with the tour operator and the last contact is one you remember more, so the better customer service the more repeat business and better competitive advantage.

Negocios Exitosos

Negocios Exitosos â€Å"Si no conoces el puerto a donde quieres llegar, ningà ºn viento es favorable†. (Sà ©neca) Esta famosa cita del polà ­tico, moralista y filà ³sofo Lucio Anneo Sà ©neca nos ayuda a entender la importancia de los conceptos de visià ³n y misià ³n. Segà ºn Sà ©neca, el viento no era el factor primordial para lograr un viaje exitoso. A pesar de que sà ­ era necesario, existà ­an factores mayores que à ©ste. El conocer dà ³nde se encontraba el puerto, asà ­ como cuà ¡l era la mejor ruta para llegar al destino deseado, eran factores de mayor importancia que los mismos vientos. De igual manera podemos utilizar esta sà ­mil cuando hablamos del mundo empresarial. A travà ©s de este ensayo se analizarà ¡ de manera crà ­tica la importancia de la visià ³n y misià ³n en el à ©xito empresarial. Segà ºn el autor del libro Negocios Exitosos Jack Fleitman, en el mundo empresarial, la visià ³n se define como el camino al cual se dirige la empresa a largo plazo y sirve de rumbo y aliciente para orientar las decisiones estratà ©gicas de crecimiento junto a las de competitividad. (Del libro Negocios Exitosos, de Flietman Jack, McGraw Hill, 2000, Pà ¡g. 283.) Tomando como primicia la definicià ³n de Fleitman, plantearemos nuestra propia definicià ³n simple de visià ³n como la habilidad de establecer claramente metas versà ¡tiles y anà ¡lisis de sus consecuencias. Cuando volvemos a analizar la cita de Sà ©neca podemos ver que la visià ³n empresarial no sà ³lo establece claramente lo que la empresa està ¡ realizando en el momento de hoy, asà ­ como los vientos no garantizan llegar al puerto. La visià ³n empresarial debe ser una versà ¡til que toma en consideracià ³n nuestro mundo altamente tecnolà ³gico y transformable. Por consiguiente, cuando se define el concepto de visià ³n en una empresa los administradores deben de poseer un sentido de unanimidad, pensamiento estratà ©gicamente crà ­tico, asà ­ como metas agresivas y reales. La visià ³n empresarial tiene como objetivo final el desarrollar y exponer las expectativas estratà ©gicas de la empresa. Estas expectativas deben de tomar en consideracià ³n nuestro mundo altamente cambiante, asà ­ como las metas a largo y corto plazo de la organizacià ³n. Es imprescindible, el que las aspiraciones sean reales, concretas y medibles. Debido ala competitividad empresarial, la visià ³n debe de ser una moldeable que se centre en la cultura organizacional, asà ­ como tambià ©n en sus recursos para sobrellevar la competencia. Para poder lograr alcanzar esta ideologà ­a la empresa no solo debe definir su visià ³n, sino que de igual importancia debe de establecer su misià ³n. Por consiguiente, la misià ³n empresarial es considerada por Philip Kotler y Gary Armstrong como â€Å"un importante elemento de la planificacià ³n estratà ©gica). (Marketing, 2004) debido a que la misià ³n de la empresa tiene como punto de partida el establecer detalladamente los ideales que encaminarà ¡n a la empresa hacia la meta trazada. Volviendo la ilustracià ³n del barco, podemos comparar el puerto deseado como la visià ³n del capità ¡n, pero es el barco el que llevarà ¡ al capità ¡n hacia ese puerto. Por consiguiente, podemos asimilar la misià ³n con el barco, debido a que ambos son el â€Å"elemento† que se utilizo para alcanzar la meta deseada. Segà ºn el artà ­culo de Josà © Alejandro Visià ³n y Misià ³n: Dos conceptos Fundamentales,† la misià ³n de la empresa sirve como fundamento para todas las decisiones importantes que toma el equipo gerencial.†(Del artà ­culo, Visià ³n y Misià ³n: Dos conceptos Fundamentales, Alejandro Josà ©, 2008.) La misià ³n de la empresa es el â€Å"alma mater† de la organizacià ³n. La misià ³n incluye la alta gama de detalles que una empresa debe considerar para poder alcanzar ser competitivamente exitosa. Segà ºn Josà © Alejandro, la misià ³n cubre la clientela que se va a servir, las necesidades a satisfacer, los productos que se tendrà ¡n, los linderos de las actividades empresariales, en fin todo componente clave que envuelve y acaparra lo que es la empresa. La visià ³n y la misià ³n de la empresa son dos conceptos intrà ­nsecamente relacionados y dependiente uno del otro. Para poder asegurar el à ©xito rotundo de una empresa, la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a debe de establecer un cimiento sà ³lido. Metafà ³ricamente, la visià ³n y misià ³n son el cimiento de toda empresa. Cuando una empresa limita o carece de visià ³n y misià ³n, los resultados son evidentemente desastrosos. Es por ello, que podemos ver el auge de muchas empresas nuevas, pero con corta duracià ³n e impacto. En muchas ocasiones, estas derrotas son debido a la falta de visià ³n y misià ³n, o la falta de modificar o alterar su visià ³n y misià ³n para poder satisfacer las necesidades de su clientela en este mundo altamente evolutivo. Si interpretamos todo lo descrito anteriormente podemos decir que la visià ³n y misià ³n de una empresa son el cimiento de la organizacià ³n. La visià ³n logra identificar, establecer y vislumbrar la meta que se desea obtener, mientras que la misià ³n propone las estrategias que se necesitan, para poder logarar esas metas. Ambas tienen como caracterà ­sticas el ser altamente moldeable, para poder sufragar las necesidades de la empresa, clientela, asà ­ como las necesidades de su entorno altamente veleidoso. Referencias Administracià ³n Estratà ©gica Conceptos y Casos, ThompsonArthur y Strickland A.J. III, 11va. Edicià ³n, Editorial McGraw Hill, 2001, Pà ¡g. 4. Negocios Exitosos, de Flietman Jack, McGraw Hill, 2000, Pà ¡g. 283.) Visià ³n y Misià ³n: Dos conceptos Fundamentales, Alejandro Josà ©, 2008

An Amazing Book :: Essays Papers

An Amazing Book Been In The Storm So Long, written by Leon F. Litwack exposes the cruel, harsh, and most disgusting attitudes of humans towards one another. This story is about the lives of black slaves, slave owners, and the people fighting for freedom during the Civil War and even after Emancipation. This story reveals the interactions between blacks and whites and dramatizes their inner dependency on one another. It also divulges the tension and friction between the two groups. After reading this short summery of Been In The Storm So Long, I hope one can acknowledge the intentions of this book and perhaps give one the desire to pick up this book and let the story take one to a place Americans tend to keep hidden. As the story begins, it talks about the changes in attitudes of the slaveholders. One slave by the name of Robert Murray recalls how his â€Å"white folks† started to change. Murray was a young slave that had been treated fairly well and was even taught how to read, even though it was against the law. Some of the children were even welcomed in what was called the â€Å"Big House† because the children found warmth there. With Abraham Lincoln’s election as President, things changed for the slaves. The children were not welcomed in the â€Å"Big House† anymore. Robert Murray, along with the other slaves, felt uneasy because he was being watched constantly. The slaveholders started to wonder how the slaves continue their chores as if nothing was going on. Mary Chesnut, a South Carolina slaveholder, wonders, â€Å"Are they stolidy stupid or wiser than we are, silent and strong, biding their time†(4). When the white males of all the plantations go off to war, they think it will be an easy and short fight. One North Carolinian says, â€Å"whup the North† (5) as if he would be back in time for dinner. Needless to say, many of the white males do not return and for those who are restored; it was in mangled bodies. Because many fathers, brothers, and sons do not return, the women left at the plantations became cruel and cold hearted. Mattie Curtis’s mistress whipped the slaves to the point of unbearable pain when she received news on the death of her son. Master Charley hit a slave girl named Missy with a â€Å"hot poker† stick and then says, â€Å"Free de niggers, will dey?

Successful Military Innovation Essay examples -- Military History

The fall of the Berlin wall in 1989 and subsequently the collapse of the Soviet empire changed the political – military situation within Europe. Nearly five decades of Cold War between the Western Alliance and the Warsaw Pact countries, with relatively large standing armies and prepared mobilization plans, ended. The fight between large mechanized formations on European countryside became more and more improbable, and forced many Western countries to identify a new role for their armed forces as new threats emerged. Yet, those military organizations often struggle with such doctrinal innovations, especially in economic austere conditions combined with rapidly technological improvements. While such strategic situations determine the environment in which the military operates, ultimately people lay the foundations for a new approach. Therefore, successful innovation within a military organization depends on aligning political and military strategy, creating a learning organizati on, and assuring popular support to the military. This essay identifies principles that induce change on organizational level based upon examples from the interwar period, and has not the intention to discuss neither tactical nor technical changes in detail. Such an essay would require more in depth study that draws us away from the initial argument. Without a doubt, during the interwar period almost all military organizations reformed, based on their lessons learned from World War I, and each of them booked significant advances in certain domains. Nonetheless, some organizations as a whole proved to possess more adaptive skills than others. Above all, innovations within military organizations depend on the integration of political and military vision. ... ... The Challenge of Change: Military Institutions and New Realities, 1918-1941†. Edited by Harold R. Winton and David R. Mets (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 37-41. Williamson, Murray. â€Å"Armored Warfare: The British, French, and German Experience†, in Military Innovation in the Interwar Period. Edited by Williamson Murray and Allan R. Millet (Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 22-24. Eugene, C. Kiesling in The Challenge of Change: Military Institutions and New Realities, 1918-1941†. Edited by Harold R. Winton and David R. Mets (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 3 and 10-11. Murray, op. cit., 14-15. Ibid, 9. Ibid, 13. House. Towards Combined Arms Warfare: A Survey of Tactics, Doctrine and Organization in the 20th Century. 66. Murray, op. cit., 17. Ibid, 24-25. Murray, op. cit., 125-127 and 139.

Different Techniques For Providing Fresh Water To Arid Regions Of The World

IntroductionThe problem of water every year is becoming increasingly important, forcing scholars and political scientists talk about the inevitability of future conflicts over ownership of this strategic resource. Indeed, the population in the Middle East and Africa is growing at a rapid pace, and the sources of the water almost as quickly exhausted. Arid climate, uncontrolled population growth and other factors make water a truly â€Å"transparent gold » XXI century. Stocks worldwide oceanic and continental waters are 1.5 billion cubic kilometers; they are extremely high salt content and are not suitable for drinking. The share of fresh water in the world's total water is 2.53% or 31-35 million cubic kilometers. But those waters enclosed by the glaciers, which are in the form of air and soil moisture in the underground seas, are not available for development.Thus, humankind has conditionally 0.3% or 93.0 thousand cubic kilometers fresh water, which could be used for industrial an d economic goals. (USGS, 2011) According to figures published in August 2004 in a joint report by the World Health Organization and UNICEF more than one billion people still use unsafe sources of drinking water. Those most at risk are developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa area. African Bank experts estimate that for a radical improvement of rural water supply for the people of Africa to 2015 need to find at least $ 10 billion. In this case, 80 percent of Africans will be able to enjoy clean water, while continuing to be as massive investment in 2025 to normal water around the black continent.As pointed out by the International Water Management Institute, to solve the problem of water, it is needed to take urgent measures. In particular, to build reservoirs, use the rainwater harvesting, etc. The most acute problem of water shortage is for Africa and Asia as an arid regions and the purpose of this essay to provide and compare two possible way of solution such as desa lination and recycling.Backgroundâ€Å"Globally, water consumption over the past 100 years has increased by six times and will double again by 2050. Some countries have already run out of water and cannot produce food. The consequence will be even more widespread water shortages and soaring prices for this resource â€Å", – said the director of the International Water Management Institute Frank Rijsberman. (APEC  Water, 2011)Population(FAO Water, 2012)In the twentieth century the world's population has tripled. During this period, the consumption of fresh water has increased in 7 times, including at the municipal water needs in13 times. With this rise in consumption become the lack of water resources in many regions of the world. According to the World Health Organization, more than two billion people in the world today suffer from a shortage of drinking water. In the next 20 years, given the current trends of population growth and the world economy is expected to increa se demand for fresh water for at least 100 cubic kilometers per year.Water sources(IMSD, 2012)The 97% of water in our planet is saline water, the other 3% is fresh water. The surface water resource consists of ground water (30.1%), icecaps and glaciers (68.7%), and others (0.9%), such as water vapor and clouds. The biggest part of water that is used is found in lakes (87%), swamps (11%) and rivers (2%). Unfortunately, water problem in Asia and Africa are closely related to another equally important problem as food. Arab countries annually spend $ 50 billion just for agricultural irrigation. As the Minister of Egypt Water Resources Mahmud Abu Zeid said by 2025 90% of the Arab countries would fall below the â€Å"poverty of water resources.† To prevent this, need for a unified Arab strategy of water use. (5th World Water Forum Secretariat, 2009)Options of solutionsIn the oil-rich Arab countries went through the right, but expensive, deciding to allocate billions of dollars annu ally for the desalination of sea water. By some estimates, the Arabian country's now use about 70% of desalinate water.( NRC, 2010) However, the governments of most countries in Asia and Africa, such costs obviously can afford. Another way to save water is recycling. For example, for many years in Singapore does not throw waste water into rivers and the sea. All dirty water is recycled and cleared. Singaporeans are not only purifying sewage water. They desalinate sea water  and collect rainwater.DesalinationThe UN agencies, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the National Organization of more than 15 countries are engaged in desalination of ocean and sea water. This allows the most efficient way to absorb the wealth of the ocean water. Desalination of salt water is perspective because a large numbers of arid areas adjacent to ocean coast, or are close to it. Thus, ocean and sea water are raw materials for industrial use. Nowadays exist about 30 ways to of desalination of sea w ater. All methods of turning salt water into fresh water require more energy.In general, the share of electricity accounts for about half of the cost of desalination, the other half goes to the maintenance and depreciation of equipment. So, the cost of desalinated water depends mainly on the cost of electricity. (FWR, 2011) However, where is a lack of fresh water and exist the conditions for the desalination the cost factor recedes into the background. In some areas desalination is environmentally advantageous than bringing water from far away. Desalination of salt water is developing quite rapidly. As a result, every two or three years, the total capacity of installations doubled.RecyclingCleaning and recycling of industrial water is a key point in the cycle of water supply and sanitation. Standard cleaning contaminated industrial water will significantly improve the quality of water before re-use and avoid inappropriate use of potable water and a costly drain collection system in municipal wastewater. (Anglogold Ashanti, 2010) A problem that can be found this denial by people using of purified sewage water as the main source, but in the world there are countries which do not enjoy much of a choice.The only salvation for those countries is recycling water plants. In the case of the location on the coast, desalination is the option but if the sea is far and the country cannot afford the costs of desalination the recycling sewage plants is the good choice. Water passes membrane cleaning and disinfected with ultraviolet light: it is sufficient for industrial use. That portion of the water that goes into the water, further purified and mixed with water reserves in reservoirs, which are filtered and supplied to the taps.For instance, in Egypt they have Nile River and use its water but dirty water is  drained from the waste back into the Nile. (Ecopreneur, 2011) This kind of water cannot substitute drinking water but will significantly reduce the cost of transpor tation of drinking water and provide an opportunity for the use of recycled water in industry and agriculture for arid regions.ConclusionNowadays Asia, the Middle East and the most part of Africa has unstable supply of fresh water. Over the past forty years, the number of fresh water at the rate per person decreased by almost 60%. The main consumer of water is agriculture. Nowadays this sector accounts for over 85% of all available fresh water. Needs are increasing and the amount of water decreases. Today, almost 2 billion of people in more than 80 countries have a limited supply of drinking water. By 2025 nearly 50 countries with a total population of 3 billion people will face water shortages. (World Bank, 2007)Even with the abundance of rain that falls in China, a country half the population is not provided properly with drinking water in the regular mode. In such an acute shortage of fresh water is becoming especially popular desalination and water recycling as an alternative wa y to recharge. For the health and tone, people need clean and fresh water. Crude raw water is the cause of many human diseases, so people should not drink it. Water treatment is one of the most promising solutions to meet the needs of the population in the drinking water because groundwater resources are reduced, and rivers and lakes are on the verge of its existence.The ability of countries to solve problems related to climate change, and the issue of water, in particular, like many in the Middle East, is directly dependent on the will and determination of the political leadership of the region. (STS, 2012) Once, the King Hussein of Jordan argued that â€Å"the only question that Jordan would plunge into a war – is water.† The same opinion is shared by the former UN General Secretary, Boutros Ghali, the Egyptian, stated that â€Å"the next war in the Middle East will be over water.†